Deceased--Anson Rainey

Anson Rainey
January 11th, 1930 to February 19th, 2011

From Biblical Archaeology Review...

Anson F. Rainey, Israel's leading historical geographer of the land of the Bible and a master of cuneiform languages such as Akkadian and Ugaritic, as well as ancient Egyptian (hieroglyphic and hieratic), to say nothing of Hebrew and Arabic, succumbed to pancreatic cancer on February 19. He was 81.

Anson also participated in a dozen different archaeological excavations, from volunteer to area supervisor and was often a member of the core staff. One obituary accurately described him as "one of the last of the titans."

His scholarly output was prodigious. His résumé includes 12 books, 112 scholarly articles, 48 chapters in books and 24 encyclopedia articles.

From Tel Aviv University...

Education

1943-1946 Brown Military Academy, San Diego, CA. H.S. Diploma
1946, Fall Brown Military Academy, San Diego, Jr. College
1947-1949 John Brown University, Siloam Spgs., Ark. B.A. Aug., 1949, in Religious Education.
1951-1955 Calif. Baptist Theol. Seminary, Covina, CA. M.A. 1953, thesis: "The Influence of the Septuagint on the New Testament Usage of the Term K?riow"; B.D. 1954, thesis: "The Progression of Soteriological Thought in the Old Testament"; M.Th. 1955, thesis: "The Role of Kingship in Israel's Culture."
1955-1956 University of California, Los Angeles. B.A. in History with Honors, August 1956.
1957-1962 Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. M.A. in Mediterranean Studies (non-thesis), 1959, Ph.D. in Mediterranean Studies, 1962, dissertation: "The Social Structure of Ugarit," Univ. Microfilms, Ann Arbor. Revised edition published in Hebrew Jerusalem, 1967.
1960-1961 Hebrew University, Jerusalem, special student in archaeology and ancient languages.
1962-1964 Hebrew University, Jerusalem, post-doctoral student in Egyptian and Semitic Languages.

Professional Experience

1947-1948 Asst. Commandant, S. Calif. Military Academy and Brown Military Academy of the Ozarks.
1949-1951 Social Worker, San Bernardino County Welfare Dept., CA.
195l-1952 Youth Worker, Community Center, San Bernardino, CA.
1953-1954 Teaching Fellow, Calif. Baptist Theol. Seminary, Covina, CA.
1954-1956 Assistant Professor, Calif. Baptist Theol. Seminary.
1956-1957 Salesman and Dept. Manager, Fedway Stores, Pomona, CA.
1961-1962 Research Assistant, Mediterranean Studies Dept., Brandeis University, Waltham, MA.
Since 1962 Lecturing in Historical Geography of the Land of the Bible, Institute for Holy Land Studies (now Jerusalem University College), Jerusalem, Israel
1963-1966 Instructor in Semitic Languages, Tel Aviv University
1966-1967 Lecturer in Semitic Languages, Tel Aviv University
1967-1970 Senior Lecturer in Semitic Languages, Tel Aviv University
1970-1981 Assoc. Prof. of Ancient Near Eastern Cultures, Tel Aviv Univ.
1981-1998 Full Professor of Ancient Near Eastern Cultures and Semitic Linguistics, Tel Aviv Univ.
Since 1998 Emeritus Professor of Ancient Near Eastern Cultures and Semitic Linguistics, Tel Aviv Univ.
Since 1982 Adjunct professor of Historical Geography at Bar Ilan University.
Since 1999 Adjunct professor of Historical Geography at Ben Gurion University of the Negev.
2001 Visiting professor of Ancient Semitic languages, University of California, Los Angeles, Fall Term
2002 Visiting Professor of Semitic Languages, Konkuk University, Seoul Korea, Spring term.

Academic Honors and Awards

1957-1962 Graduate Study Fellowships, Brandeis University
1960-1961 Government of Israel Award for one year study in Israel
1962-1964 Warburg Scholarships for post-doctoral study at the Hebrew University
1976-1977 Research Fellowship, American Council of Learned Societies, for sabbatical research on the el-Amarna letters at Harvard University.
1980-1981 Travel Grants, Research for Peace Project, Tel Aviv Univ., to collate the el-Amarna Tablets in the Cairo Museum and other inscriptions from the 18th and 19th Dynasties in Egypt, with emphasis on materials pertaining to Semitic Linguistics and Historical Geography.
2001 Travel grant from the Center for Epigraphic Studies, Bar Ilan University, for collating Amarna tablets in the United Kingdom.
2002 Grant as visiting research scholar, University of Melbourne, Australia, August-September.

Curriculum Vitae

Anson Frank Rainey was born 11 January, l930, in Dallas, Texas. Upon the death of his father that same year he was left with his maternal grandparents, with whom he stayed until entering Brown Military Academy, San Diego, California, in l943.

His secondary education was completed at Brown Military Academy in June, 1946. After one semester of Junior College study there (as Cadet Battalion Commander), he served as Assistant Commandant at Southern California Military Academy, Long Beach, Calif. (Spring Semester, 1947), before transferring to John Brown University, Siloam Springs, Arkansas.

During 1948-49 he also worked as Assistant Commandant at the Brown Military Academy of the Ozarks, Sulfur Springs, Ark., while attending the University. He took the B.A. degree there in Religious Education in August, 1949. In addition to regular studies, he completed the requirements for the Commercial Pilot's License and Instructor's Rating.

From Sept., 1949, to August, 1951, he worked as a social worker for the County Welfare Department, San Bernardino, Calif. Then he entered the California Baptist Theological Seminary, Covina, Calif., where he took three degrees: M.A. in Old Testament, May, 1953; B.D. in Biblical Theology, May, 1954; M.Th. in Old Testament, May, 1955. From Sept., 1953, until May, 1954, he was a teaching fellow (12 hrs. per wk.) in Hebrew, Old Testament and New Testament Introduction. In Sept., 1954, he became Assistant Professor and taught for two more years.

During the academic year, 1955-1956, he studied at the University of
California, Los Angeles (after completing several correspondence courses with the Univ. of Calif. Extension), and completed the B.A. with Honors in August, 1956. His field of study was Ancient History with emphasis on the Hellenistic Period. While making application for further graduate study, he worked as salesman and later department manager in household furnishings and appliances (1956-57, Pomona, Calif.).

In Sept., 1957, he began graduate study at Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts. He received the M.A. in June, 1959, and spent a third year of residence, 1959-60, towards the Ph.D. He came to Israel in June, 1960, as the sole American recipient of the Government of Israel Award. In > 1960-61, he studied at the Hebrew University, first in an intensive Hebrew course and then in Archaeology and in the Egyptian, Coptic and Phoenician languages (all in Hebrew). At the same time, he completed the basic research for his doctoral dissertation. In Sept., 1961, he returned to Brandeis University as a research assistant. Upon completion of his dissertation on the Social Structure of Ugarit, he was awarded the Ph.D. in June, 1962. In August, 1962, he returned to Jerusalem to teach Historical Geography at the American Institute of Holy Land Studies.

However, his main activity for the academic year, 1962-63, was research and study under a grant from the Warburg Fund at the Hebrew University. This award was renewed for 1963-64, and the book that resulted was translated into Hebrew and published by the Bialik Institute (August, 1967). It was a revision of the earlier dissertation, expanded to include new source material that had subsequently become available. While concluding the above-mentioned research, he also began teaching Ugaritic and Akkadian at the Tel Aviv University, six hours per week at the rank of Instructor. As of the Fall Term, 1964, he began teaching full time (eight hours). For the Fall and Winter Trimesters, 1965-66, he was acting chairman of the Ancient Near Eastern Studies Department. In 1966, his status was changed to Lecturer and in 1967 we was promoted to Senior Lecturer in Semitic Languages (with tenure).

He was elevated to Associate Professor of Ancient Near Eastern Cultures in 1970. Meanwhile, the department was reorganized under the title, Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures, in which he served as coordinater for Mesopotamian Studies until Oct., 1975. A new department of Semitic Linguistics was also organized and during 1971-72 he was its acting chairman. He was promoted to the rank of Full Professor of Ancient Near Eastern Cultures and Semitic Linguistics effective 1 July, 1981. His teaching responsibilities have included Ancient Near Eastern languages such as Ugaritic, Akkadian, Ancient Hebrew, Phoenician and Egyptian; in addition, he has taught Historical Geography of the Land of the Bible.

He has served on the editorial boards of Israel Oriental Studies, an annual, and of Tel Aviv, a quarterly, both publications of Tel Aviv University. Meanwhile, he has continued his connection with the American
Institute of Holy Land Studies (now the Jerusalem University College), teaching Historical Geography and for six years, from 1964 to 1969, conducting their intensive program of geographical field trips. Many of his students from that institution have become professors and depart chairpersons all across North America. They are practically the only scholars to teach and publish in the field of Historical Geography in the United States.

Further experience has been gained in Field Archaeology, first as a volunteer: Ramat Rahel (1961), Arad (1963, '64), En-gedi (1964, '65), Metzad Mazal (1965), Kh. Burgata (1966); later as Area Supervisor: Lachish (1966, -'68), Gezer (1967), Arad (1967), Kh. Rabud (1968, '69); and as Field Supervisor and Core Staff member: Beer-sheba (1969-'76); Tel Michal (1977-'80); Tel Gerisa (1981-'83, '86, '88, '95), Tel Harasim (1997-'98). Since 1968, this work was done as a staff researcher of the Tel Aviv University Institute of Archaeology.

During the l960's and '70's, additional study was pursued at the Hebrew University: in Akkadian and Sumerian with Professor Aaron Shafer and in Egyptian with Professors H. J. Polotsky and Sarah Groll. Post-doctoral awards have been limited to the two stipends of $l000 each awarded by the Warburg Fund of the Hebrew University for study during the academic years 1962-63 and 1963-64. A sabbatical leave was taken during 1970-71, during which time it was deemed advisable to remain in Jerusalem to study with Professor Polotsky. For a second sabbatical, he was awarded a grant by the American Council of Learned Societies. On the basis of this award he was enabled to spend the year 1976-77 as an Honorary Research Fellow at Harvard University. The groundwork was laid for a grammar of the West Semitic language reflected in the el-‘Amârna letters. He also conducted a graduate seminar under the aegis of Professor William Moran, the acknowledged dean of the study of the Amarna correspondence. Grants from the Research for Peace Project of the Tel Aviv University made possible three visits to the Cairo Museum in 1980, -'81 and '82. All of the el-‘Amârna Tablets in the Museum were collated. Other collateral material, such as topographical inscriptions with Canaanite and North Syrian names, was also collated at other sites such as Karnak, Luxor and Medinet Habu.

In 1982-83 he began teaching part-time at Bar Ilan University in the Department of Eretz-Israel Studies. This connection was renewed in 1984-85 and has continued ever since. The courses taught are in Historical Geography. During a third sabbatical in 1983-84, he was Visiting Research Scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. A monograph was prepared on Canaanite in the Amarna Tablets -- Morphosyntax of the Particles and Adverbs.

During a fourth sabbatical in 1988-89, he was again Visiting Research Scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. A monograph was prepared on Canaanite in the Amarna Tablets -- Morphosyntax of the Verbal System. The manuscript was also completed of a complete revision of Y. Aharoni's Carta's Atlas of the Biblical Period that appeared in Hebrew in 1995. The English version had appeared as the first part of The Macmillan Bible Atlas (1993). In 1993-94 the manuscript was completed for Canaanite in the Amarna Tablets -- Writing, Pronouns and Nouns. An index and bibliography was completed as vol. IV in 1994-95.

During a fifth sabbatical for 1995-96, he was again Visiting Research Scholar at the University of Pennsylvania where he also taught a seminar in Northwest Semitic inscriptions. Final corrections were made on Canaanite in the Amarna Tablets. All four volumes were published by E. J. Brill Publishers in Handbuch der Orientalistik and appeared (January, 1996). A translation was completed of D. Sivan's Grammar of Ugaritic, Handbuch der Orientalistik. Leiden: E. J. Brill. 1997.

From 1996 to 30 September, 1998, he continued to teach as Full Professor at Tel Aviv University. On 1 October, 1998 he became Emeritus Professor there but taught a course in Historical Geography during the academic years 1998-99, 1999-2000 and 2000-2001. On the other hand, his halftime job at Bar Ilan University continues; there he teaches Historical Geography. For the academic years 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 he was also employed in a half-time position at Ben Gurion University of the Negeb conducting seminars in historical geography.

Using final sabbatical leave, he spent July, 1999 in Jordan studying historical geography and archaeology. In August and September, 1999 he spent the sabbatical time working at the British Museum collating el-‘Amârna tablets. Sixty-six texts were read and many substantial corrections were discovered. Four days were spent at the Vorderasiatische Museum in Berlin where eleven texts were collated, some with new readings and corrections. All these texts were copied directly into a Macintosh G3 Power Book so that up to date transcriptions and translations are now available. Further collations were made at the Metropolitan Museum, New York in November, 1999 and at the British Museum and at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago in January-February, 2000, bringing the total of collated texts up to about 100. A third visit to the United Kingdom was carried out in April, 2001 to complete the collation of texts in the British Museum and also those in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. This latter visit to the United Kingdom was sponsored by the Jeselsohn Epigraphic Center of Jewish History, Bar Ilan University. The Fall quarter of 2001 was spent at the University of California, Los Angeles, where consultation began with the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative in digitizing the Amarna tablets in the Berlin Museum. He also was a full time visiting professor of Semitic Languages.

During the Spring semester, 2002, he was invited to teach as a visiting professor of Historical Geography and Ancient Hebrew at Konkuk University in Seoul, Korea. For August and September 2002 he was a visiting research scholar at the University of Melbourne, Australia.

In 2002-2007 he has continued teaching as adjunct professor at Bar Ilan University and Orot College and at the Jerusalem University College. Beginning in the late Fall of 2002, materials were gathered and edited towards incorporation into a new historical and geographical atlas of the land of the Bible and adjacent regions. The writing of this historical atlas continued until July 2005. The atlas contains discussions of epigraphic geographical sources as well as new information derived from field research. Sixteen chapters were written by Professor Rainey. The Hellenistic and Roman periods were written by R. Steven Notley. The atlas appeared under the title The Sacred Bridge, Jerusalem: Carta Publishers, 2006.

In 2003-2004 he spent ten months collating the Amarna tablets at the Vorderasiatische Museum in Berlin and at other venues in Europe. This was in cooperation with the program for West Semitic Research, University of Southern California. A completely new edition of the Amarna tablets is envisioned along with photographic and internet recording. The edition of the texts and the notes derived from collations will be placed on the internet. During the 53th Rencontre oif the Internatinal Association of Assyriologists in Moscow, July 2007, he was also able to collate the last three Amarna tablets (in the Pushkin Museum). Now he can say that he has personally read all the extant Amarna letters. No other living scholar can say that.

In 2004-2008 were spent teaching as adjunct professor at Bar Ilan University and Orot College and at the Jerusalem University College. The same teaching responsibilities have continued into ensuing the academic year 2008-2009. During the current year work continues on the formatting and proofing of the 350 Amarna letters. The form of the book is taking shape. The Introduction, Glossary and a chapter of collation notes will conclude the project. The dream is to see the new edition published by 2010.

Personal Information: First marriage August, 1949; divorce granted August, 1956. Second marriage August, 1957; divorce granted 1978. Conversion to Judaism, May 1980. Third marriage January 1982. One son born 16 April, 1983.

List of Publications

A. Books

1. The Social Structure of Ugarit. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1967. 190 pp. (Hebrew).

2. El Amarna Tablets 359-379. Vol. 8 of Alter Orient und Altes Testament. Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1970. 108 pp. Revised Edition, 1978.

3. A Handbook of Historical Geography. Jerusalem: American Institute of Holy Land Studies, 1984. 247 pp.

4. Y. Aharoni and M. Avi-Yonah, The Macmillan Bible Atlas. Completely revised third edition by A. F. Rainey and Z. Safrai. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 1993.

5. Y. Aharoni, Carta's Atlas of the Bible, New Third edition, updated and edited by A. F. Rainey. Carta Jerusalem (Hebrew). 1995.

6. Canaanite in the Amarna Tablets. Vol. I. Orthography, Phonology, Morpho-syntactic Analysis of the Pronouns, Nouns, Numerals. Vol. II. Morphosyntactic Study of the Verbal System. Vol. III. Morphosyntactic Study of the Particles and Adverbs. Vol. IV. References and Index of Texts Cited. Handbuch der Orientalistik. Leiden: E. J. Brill. 1996.

7. Y. Aharoni, M. Avi-Yonah, A. F. Rainey and Z. Safrai, The Carta Bible Atlas. Fourth edition, with Index to Persons. Jerusalem: Carta, the Israel Map and Publishing Company. 2002.

8. Anson F. Rainey and R. Steven Notley, The Sacred Bridge. The Carta Atlas of the Biblical World. Jerusalem: Carta, the Israel Map and Publishing Company. 2006.

9. Anson F. Rainey and R. Steven Notley, Carta's New Century Handbook and Atlas of the Bible. Jerusalem: Carta, the Israel Map and Publishing Company. 2007.

B. Aritcles in Periodicals

1. "Administration in Ugarit and the Samaria Ostraca," Israel Exploration Journal 12 (1962), 66-63.

2. "A Canaanite at Ugarit," Israel Exploration Journal 13 (1963), 43-45.

3. "Business Agents at Ugarit," Israel Exploration Journal 13 (1963), 313-321.

4. "The Merchants at Ugarit and the Patriarchal Narratives," Christian News from Israel 14, No. 2 (July, 1963), 17-26.

5. "Organized Religion at Ugarit," Christian News from Israel 15, No. 1 (March, 1964), 16-24.

6. "A Study of Ecclesiastes (Qoheleth)," Concordia Theological Monthly 35 (1964), 16-24.

7. "Ugarit and the Canaanites Again," Israel Exploration Journal 14 (l964), 101.

8. "The Military Personnel of Ugarit," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 24 (1965), 17-27.

9. "The Kingdom of Ugarit," Biblical Archaeologist 28 (1965), 102-125; reprinted in The Biblical Archaeologist Reader, Vol. III, New York, 1970, 76-99.

10. "Royal Weights and Measures," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 179 (Oct., 1965), 34-36.

11. "A Second Look at Amal in Qoheleth," Concordia Theological Monthly 36 (1965), 805.

12. "Family Life in Ugarit," Orientalia n.s. 34 (1965), 10-22.

13. "New Tools for Ugaritic Study," L_?on?nu 30 (1966), 250-272 (Hebrew).

14. "l?MA?KIM at Ugarit," Orientalia n.s. 35 (1966), 426-428.

15. "Gath of the Philistines," Christian News from Israel 17, Nos. 2-3 (Sept., 1966), 30-38, No. 4 (Dec., 1966), 23-34.

16. "Private Seal Impressions, a Note on Semantics," Israel Exploration Journal 16 (1966), 187-190.

17. "The Soldier Scribe in Papyrus Anastasi I," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 26 (1967), 58-60.

18. "The Samaria Ostraca in the Light of Fresh Evidence," Palestine Exploration Quarterly 99 (1967), 32-41.

19. "??iru and As_ru in Ugarit and the Land of Canaan," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 26 (1964), 296-301.

20. "Gath-padalla," Israel Exploration Journal 18 (1968), 1-14.

21. "The 'Son of the King' at Ugarit and among the Hittites," Lµ?on?nu 33 (1969), 304-308 (Hebrew).

22. "A Clay Tablet from Taanach - A Ray of Light on Eretz-Israel on the Eve of Joshua's Conquest," Qadmoniot 2 (1969), 89-90 (Hebrew).

23. "The Province Beyond the River," The Australian Journal of Biblical Archaeology 1 (1969), 51-78.

24. "Notes on the Syllabic Ugaritic Vocabularies," Israel Exploration Journal 19 (1969), 107-109.

25. "Semantic Parallels to the Samaria Ostraca," Palestine Exploration Quarterly 102 (1970), 45-51.

26. "Linguistic Method - May they Preserve it," Lµ?on?nu 35 (1970), 11-15 (Hebrew).

27. "The Order of Sacrifices in Old Testament Ritual Texts," Biblica 51 (1970), 485-498.

28. "Compulsory Labor Gangs in Ancient Israel," Israel Exploration Journal 20 (1970), 191-202.

29. "Verbal Forms with Infixed -t- in the West Semitic el-'Amarna Letters," Israel Oriental Studies 1 (1971), 86-102.

30. "Bethel is still Beit?n," Westminster Theological Journal 33 (Nov., 1970 to May, 1971), 175-188.

31. "Surface Remains pertaining to the Fall of Macherus," Eretz-Israel 10 (1971), 264-267 (Hebrew), English Summary p. xix.

32. "A Hebrew 'Receipt' from Arad," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 202 (April, 1971), 23-30.

33. "A Front Line Report from Amurru," Ugarit-Forschungen 3 (1971), 131-149.

34. "Observations on Ugaritic Grammar," Ugarit-Forschungen 3 (1971), 151-172 (expansion and revision of No. 13 above).

35. "The Word 'Day' in Ugaritic and in Hebrew," Lµ?on?nu 36 (1972), 186-189 (Hebrew).

36. "The World of Sinuhe," Israel Oriental Studies 2 (1972), 369-408.

37. "Gleanings from Ugarit," Israel Oriental Studies 3 (1973), 34-62.

38. "Reflections on the Suffix Conjugation in West Semitized Amarna Tablets," Ugarit-Forschungen 5 (1973), 235-262.

39. "Reflections on the Battle of Qedesh," Ugarit-Forschungen 5 (1973), 280-282.

40. "Amenhotep II's Campaign to Takhsi," Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 10 (1973), 71-75.

41. "The Ugaritic Texts in Ugaritica 5," Journal of the American Oriental Society 94 (1974), 184-194.

42. "Dust and Ashes," Tel Aviv 1 (1974), 77-83, Pl. 16.

43. "El-'Amarna Notes," Ugarit-Forschungen 6 (1974), 295-312.

44. "More Gleanings from Ugarit," Israel Oriental Studies 5 (1975), 18-31.

45. "Toponymic Problems, 'Ain Shasu," Tel Aviv 2 (1975), 13-16.

46. "Two Cuneiform Fragments from Tel Aphek," Tel Aviv 2 (1975), 125-129, Pl. 24.

47. "The Identification of Philistine Gath - A Problem in Source Analysis for Historical Geography," Eretz-Israel 12 (1975), 63*-76*, Hebrew Summary, 210.

47a. "Towards the Identification of Biblical Gath of the Philistines," pp. 245-251 in Reflections on the Bible, Selected Studies of the Bible Circle in Memory of Yishai Ron, Tel Aviv, 1976.

48. "Notes on Some Proto-Sinaitic Inscriptions," Israel Exploration Journal 25 (1975), 106-116, Pls. 11-12.

49. "Morphology and the Prefix-Tenses of West Semitized El 'Amarna Tablets," Ugarit-Forschungen 7 (1975), 395-426.

50. "The Prince and the Pauper," Ugarit-Forschungen 7 (1975), 427-432.

51. "Taharqa and Syntax," Tel Aviv 3 (1976), 38-41.

52. "Toponymic Studies (cont.), Shim'on-Shimron," Tel Aviv 3 (1976), 57-69, Pl. 1.

53. "A Tri-Lingual Cuneiform Fragment from Aphek," Tel Aviv 3 (1976), 137-140, Pls. 9-10.

54. "Enclitic -ma and the Logical Predicate in Old Babylonian," Israel Oriental Studies 6 (1976), 51-57.

55. "KL 72:6000 and the D-Passive in West Semitic," Ugarit-Forschungen 8 (1976), 337-341.

56. Z. Herzog, Sh. Moshkovitz and A. F. Rainey, "The Stratigraphy at Beer-sheba and the Location of the Sanctuary," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 225 (Feb., 1977), 49-58.

57. "Three New Hebrew Ostraca from Tel Arad," Tel Aviv 4 (1977), 97-102, Pls. 5-6 = "Three Additional Texts," pp. 122-125 of Y. Aharoni, Arad Inscriptions, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, 1981.

58. "Verbal Usages in the Taanach Texts," Israel Oriental Studies 7 (1977), 33-64.

59. "The Barth-Ginsberg Law in the Amarna Tablets," Eretz-Israel 14 (1978), 8-13.

60. Z. Herzog, Sh. Moshkowitz, O. Negbi and A. F. Rainey, "Tel Michal, A Coastal Site in the Sharon Plain," Expedition 20, 4 (1978), 44-49.

61. "The Toponymy of Eretz Israel," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 231 (Oct., 1978), 1-17.

62. "Toponymic Problems (cont.), R??i?um = R??i?u?, Canaan and Canaanites," Tel Aviv 6 (1979), 158-162.

63. "The Sitz im Leben of the Samaria Ostraca," Tel Aviv 6 (1979), 91-94 = pp. 363-365 of Y. Aharoni, The Land of the Bible, Revised and Enlarged Edition, Translated from the Hebrew and Edited by A. F. Rainey; London: Burns & Oates; Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1979.

64. "Area A-1 - The Northern Edge of the High Tel," Tel Aviv 7 (1980), 115-121.

65. "The Administrative Division of the Shephelah," Tel Aviv 7 (1980), 194-202.

66. "The Military Camp Ground at Taanach by the Waters of Megiddo," Eretz-Israel 15 (1981), 61-66.

67. "Some Minor Points in Two Proto-Sinaitic Inscriptions," Israel Exploration Journal 31 (1981), 92-94, Pl. 16.

68. "Toponymic Problems (cont.), The Way of the Sea, Shim'on-Shimron Once Again," Tel Aviv 8 (1981), 146-151.

69. "Wine from the Royal Vineyards," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 245 (Winter, 1982), 57-62 = "Wine from the Royal Vineyards," Eretz-Israel 16 (1982), 177-181 (Hebrew).

70. "Historical Geography - The Link between Historical and Archaeological Interpretation," Biblical Archaeologist 45 (1982), 217-223.

71. "Toponymic Problems (cont.), Syria, The Brook of Egypt, Shur = The Wall of Egypt, Egyptian TJ = Semitic Samech," Tel Aviv 9 (1982), 130-136.

72. "The Biblical Shephelah of Judah," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 251 (Summer, 1983), 1-22.

73 "Toponymic Problems (cont.), Harosheth-Hagoiim," Tel Aviv 10 (1983), 46-48.

74. Z. Herzog, M. Aharoni, A. F. Rainey and Sh. Moshkovitz, "The Israelite Fortress at Arad," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 254 (Spring, 1984), 1-34.

75. "The Ancient Hebrew Prefix Conjugation in the Light of Amarnah Canaanite," Hebrew Studies 27 (1986), 4-19.

76. Z. Herzog, M. Aharoni, and A. F. Rainey, "Arad - An Ancient Israelite Fortress with a Temple to Yahweh," Biblical Archaeology Review 13 (1987), 16-35.

77. "The Saga of Eliashib," Biblical Archaeology Review 13 (1987), 36-39.

78. "Arad in the Latter Days of the Judean Monarchy," Cathedra 42 (1987), 16-25.

79. "Watching out for the Signal Fires of Lachish," Palestine Exploration Quarterly 119 (1987), 149-151.

80. "Further Remarks on the Hebrew Verbal System," Hebrew Studies 29 (1988), 4-19.

81. "Towards a Precise Date for the Samaria Ostraca," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 272 (1988), 69-74.

82. "Some Presentation Particles in the Amarna Letters from Canaan," Ugarit-Forschungen 20 (1988), pp. 209-220.

83. "Tel Gerisa and the Danite Inheritance," pp. 59-72 of R. Zeevy, ed., Israel - People and Land, Eretz Israel Museum Yearbook, 5-6 (23-24) - 5748-9 (1987-9), Avitsur Book, dedicated to Prof. Shmuel Avitsur on the occasion of his eightieth birthday, Eretz Israel Museum, Tel Aviv. 1990.

84. "In?ma Clauses in the Amarna Letters from Canaan," Israel Oriental Studies 12 (1992), 177-191.

85. "Is there really a yaqtula Conjugation Pattern in the Canaanite Amarna Tablets?" Journal of Cuneiform Studies 43-45 (1991-93), 107-118.

86. "Shar??n/Sharuhen - The Problem of Identification." Pp. 178*-187* in S. Ahituv and B. A. Levine, eds., Eretz-Israel 24, Avraham Malamat Volume. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, 1993.

87. "Triptotic Plurals in the Amarna Texts from Canaan." Ugarit-Forschungen 26 (1994), 427-434.

88. "Who is a Canaanite? A Review of the Textual Evidence." Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 304 (Nov., 1996), 1-15.

89. "CAT Tails." Ugarit-Forschungen 28 (1996), 513-526.

90. "This is the Taste of Death," Archaeology Odyssey I, 4 (Fall, 1998), 42-47, 68-69.

91. "Syntax, History and Hermeneutics." Israel Exploration Journal 48 (1998), 239-251.

92. "The Taanach Letters," Eretz-Israel 26 (1999), pp. 153*-162*.

93. "Notes on Historical Geography," Ugarit-Forschungen 30 (1998), 633-644.

94. "Following up on the Ekron and Mesha Inscriptions, " Israel Exploration Journal 50 (2000), pp. 116-117.

95. "Israel in Merenptah's Inscription and Reliefs," Israel Exploration Journal 51 (2001), 57-75.

96. "Herodotus' Description of the East Mediteranean Coast." Bulletin of the Amarican Schools of Oriental Research 321 (2001), 57-63.

97. "LXX Toponyms as a Contribution to Linguistic Reasearch." Lingua Aegyptica 9 (2001), 179-192.

98. "Syntax and Rhetorical Analysis in the Hashavyahu Ostracon," Journal of the Ancient Near East Society 27 (2000), 75-79.

99. "Stones for Bread, Archaeology versus History," Near Eastern Archaeology 64:3 (2001), 44-53.

100. "The New Inscription from Kh. Mudeiyineh," Israel Exploration Journal 52 (2002), 81-86.

101. "Egyptian Canaan as a Background of the Old Testament: The Meaning and Importance of the 'Israel Inscription.'" Oriente 25 (July, 2002), 3-13.

102. "The ‘Amârnah Texts a Century after Flinders Petrie," Ancient Near Eastern Studies 39 (2002), 44-75.

103. "Some Amarna Collations," Eretz Israel 27 (2003), 192*-202*.

104. "The Suffix Conjugation Pattern in Ancient Hebrew: Tense and Modal Functions," Ancient Near Eastern Studies 40 (2003), 3-42.

105. "Publish it not as Gath." Israel Exploration Journal 54 (2004), 100-104.

106. "Whence came the Israelites and their Language?" Israel Exploration Journal 57 (2007), 41-64.

107. "The Energic in Northwest Semitic." Orientalia n.s. 77 (2008), 79-83.

108. "Inside, Outside, Where did the Early Israelites Come from?" Biblical Archaology Review 34, No. 6 (November/December 2008) 45-50, 84.

109. "Shasu or Habiru. Who were the Early Israelites?" Biblical Archaology Review 34, No. 6 (November/December 2008) 51-55.

110. "Redefining Ancient Hebrew." MAARAV 14.2 (2007), 67-81

Accepted for publication:

111. With Zipora Cochavi Rainey, "Finite Verbal Usage in the Jerusalem Amarna Letters." Ugarit-Forschung.

112. "The Ancient Northwest Semitic Literary Repertoire." MAARAV

D. Textbooks

1. A Syllabus for the Study of Codex ?ammurapi. Tel Aviv University (1963). 50 pp.

2. Syllabus for the Study of Codex ?ammurapi, 2nd, Revised Edition, Tel Aviv University, (1968). 48 pp.

3. Selection of Historical Sources concerning Eretz-Israel and Syria during the Bronze Age. Department of Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures, Tel Aviv University (1982-83) (Hebrew).

4. Historical Geography: Sources and Notes. Jerusalem: Jerusalem University College — Institute for Holy Land Studes (2004).

E. Articles or Chapters in Books

1. "The Land Grant System at Ugarit in its Wider Near Eastern Setting," Fourth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Papers, I (1967), 487-191.

2. "Some Prepositional Nuances in Ugaritic Administrative Texts," Proceedings of the International Conference on Semitic Studies held in Jerusalem held in Jerusalem, 19-23 June, 1965. Jerusalem, 1969, 205-211.

3. "The Scribe at Ugarit, His Position and Influence," Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, vol. 3, No. 4 (1968), Jerusalem, 1969, pp. 126-147.

4. "The Taanach Texts - General Description," pp. 126-129 in Sh. Dar and Y. Rot, eds., Shomron, A Selection of Articles and Sources, Tel Aviv: Publication of the Office for Knowledge of the Country of the Kibbutz Movement, 1971 (Hebrew).

5. "Il?nu r®??tni lillik?," pp. 139-142 of H. A. Hoffner, ed., Orient and Occident, Alter Orient und Altes Testament, 22, Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1973.

6. "The Cuneiform Inscription on a Votive Cylinder from Beer-sheba," pp. 61-70 of Y. Aharoni, ed., Beer-sheba I, Excavations at Tel Beer-sheba, 1969-1971 Seasons, Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 1973.

7. Y. Aharoni, Z. Herzog, M. Kochavi, Sh. Moshkovitz and A. F. Rainey, "Methods of Recording and Documenting," pp. 119-132 of Y. Aharoni, ed., Beer-sheba I, Excavations at Tel Beer-sheba, 1969-1971 Seasons, Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 1973.

8. "Institutions: Family, Civil and Military," pp. 69-107 in L. R. Fisher, ed., Ras Shamra Parallels, vol. II, Analecta Orientalia 50, Roma: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1975.

9. "The Fate of Lachish during the Campaigns of Sennacherib and Nebuchadrezzar," pp. 45-60 of Y. Aharoni, Investigations at Lachish, The Sanctuary and the Residency (Lachish V), Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 1975.

10. "The Scatterbrained Scribe," pp. 141-150 in Studies in Bible and the Ancient Near East in Honor of Prof. S. E. Lowenstamm, Jerusalem, 1978.

11. "Linguistic Notes on Thutmose III's Topographical List," pp. 335-359 in S. Israelit-Groll, ed., Egyptological Studies, Scripta Hierosolymitana, vol. XXVIII, Jerusalem, 1982.

12. "The Province 'Beyond the River,'" pp. 105-116 in H. Tadmor, ed. The Restoration - The Persian Period, The World History of the Jewish People, Jerusalem, 1983.

13. "Early Historical Geography of the Negeb," pp. 88-104 in Z. Herzog, Beer-sheba II, The Early Iron Age Settlements, Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 1984.

14. "Historical Geography," in J. F. Drinkard, G. L. Mattingly, and J. M. Miller, eds., Benchmarks in Time and Culture; An Introduction to Palestinian Archaeology; Dedicated to Joseph A. Callaway. Atlanta, Ga.: Scholars Press, 1988. Pp. 353-368.

15. "The Sharon Plain in Historical Geography," in Z. Herzog, G. Rapp, Jr., and O. Negbi, eds., Excavations at Tel Michal, Israel. Publications of the Institute of Archaeology, 8. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; Tel Aviv: Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 1989. Pp. 10-15.

16. "The Lord of Heaven at Tel Michal," in Z. Herzog, G. Rapp, Jr., and O. Negbi, eds., Excavations at Tel Michal, Israel. Publications of the Institute of Archaeology, 8. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; Tel Aviv: Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 1989. Pp. 381-382.

17. "Genitive ana in the Canaanite el Amarna Tablets," in J. Klein, and A. Skaist, eds., Bar-Ilan Studies in Assyriology dedicated to Pinhas Artzi, Institute of Assyriology, Bar-Ilan Studies in Near Eastern Language and Culture, University; Ramat Gan, 1990; 171-176.

18. "The Prefix Conjugation Patterns of Early Northwest Semitic," in Tz. Abusch, J. Huehnergard, and P. Steinkeller, eds., Lingering over Words, Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Literature in Honor of William L. Moran, Atlanta, Ga., 1990, 407-420.

19. With Z. Cochavi-Rainey, "Comparative Grammatical Notes on the Treaty between Ramses II and Hattusili III," in S. Israelit-Groll, ed., Studies in Egyptology presented to Miriam Lichtheim, Jerusalem, 1990, II, 796-823.

20. Safrai, Z., Grossman, D., Frenkel, J., and Rainey, A. F. "The Roads of the Sharon," in Degani, A, Grossman, D. and Shmueli, A., eds. Hasharon between Yarkon and Karmel. Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defense Publishing House, 1990. Pp. 249-261.

21. "The Use of the Precative by Canaanite Scribes in the Amarna Letters." Pp. 331-341 in M. Dietrich and O. Loretz, eds., Mesopotamica - Ugaritica - Biblica, Festschrift für Kurt Bergerhof zur Vollendung seines 70. Lebensjahres am 7. Mai 1992. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, Band 232. Kevelaer: Verlag Butzon & Bercker; Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1993.

22. "Manasseh, King of Judah, in the Whirlpool of the Seventh Century B.C.E.." Pp. 145-164 in A. F. Rainey, ed., kinatt?tu ?a d?r?ti, Raphael Kutscher Memorial Volume. Tel Aviv, Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, Occasional Publications, No. 1. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, 1993.

23. "Hezekiah's Reform and the Altars at Beer Sheba and Arad." Pp. 333-354 in Coogan, M. D., Exum J. C., and Stager, L. E., eds., Scripture and Other Artifacts, Essays on the Bible and Archaeology in Honor of Philip J. King. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox Press. 1994.

24. "Unruly Elements in Late Bronze Canaanite Society." Pp. 481-496 in D. P. Wright, D. N. Freedman and Avi Hurvitz, eds., Pomegranates and Golden Bells, Studies in Biblical, Jewish, and Near Eastern Ritual, Law, and Literature on Honor of Jacob Milgrom. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1995.

25. "The Imperative 'See' as an Introductory Particle, An Egyptian-West Semitic Calque." Pp. 309-316 in J. Coleson and V. Matthews, eds., "Go to the Land I will Show You": Studies in honor of D. W. Young. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns Inc. 1996.

26. "The Chronicler and his Sources, Historical and Geographical," Pp. 30-72 in Graham, M. P., Hoglund, K. G. and McKenzie, S. L., eds. The Chronicler as Historian. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series, 238. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. 1997.

27. "Judah in the Coastal Plain." Pp. 26*-31* in Givon, Sh., ed., The Eighth Season of Excavation at Tel Harassim (Nahal Barkai) 1997. Tel Aviv, 1998.

28. "The Ninth Season of Excavation at Tel Harasim, 1998: Area G" in Givon, Sh., ed., The Ninth Season of Excavation at Tel Harassim (Nahal Barkai) 1998. Tel Aviv, 1999, pp. 10*-11*.

29. "A Persian Period Seal Impression" in Givon, Sh., ed., The Ninth Season of Excavation at Tel Harassim (Nahal Barkai) 1998. Tel Aviv, 1999, 50*-53*.

30. "Topic and Comment in the Amarna Texts from Canaan," in R. Chazan, W. W. Hallo and L. H. Schiffman, eds., Ki Baruch Hu, Ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, and Judaic Studes in Honor of Baruch A. Levine. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. Pp. 63-87.

31. "Mesha's Attempt to Invade Judah (2 Chron 20)," Pp. 174-176 in Galil, G., and Weinfeld, M., eds., Studies in Historical Geography and Biblical Historiography. Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, 2000.

32. "The 'Amarnah Tablets - A Late Bronze Age Phenomenon." pp. 391-408 in Talshir, Z., Yonah, Sh. and Sivan, D, eds., Homage to Shmuel, Studies in the World of the Bible; Beer Sheva': Ben Gurion University of the Negev Press; Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 2001 (Hebrew).

33. "Mesha and Syntax." Pp. 291-311 in Graham, M. P. and Dearman, J. A., eds. The Land that I will Show You. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001.

34. "Aspects of Life in Ancient Israel." Pp. 253-267 in Averbeck, R. E., Chavalas, M. W. and Weisberg, D. B., eds. Life and Culture in the Ancient Near East. Bethesda, Md.: CDL Press. 2003.

35. "The Yaqtul Preterit in Northwest Semitic." Pp. 395-407 in Baasten, M. F. J. and Van Peursen, W. Th., eds. Hamlet on a Hill. Semitic and Greek Studies Presented to Professor T. Muraoka on the Occasion of his Sixty-Fifth Birthday. Leuven, Paris, Dudly, MA: Uitgeveru Peeters en Department Oosterse Studies, 2003.

36. "Amarna and Later — Aspects of Social History." Pp. 169-187 in Dever, W. G. and Gitin, S., eds. Symbiosis, Symbolism and the Power of the Past: Canaan, Ancient Israel and their Neighbors from the Late Bronze Age through Roman Palestina. Proceedings of the Centennial Symposium, W. F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research, Jerusalem, May 29-31, 2000.29-31. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. 2003.

37. Y. Aharoni and A. F. Rainey, "Ancient Times." Pp. 2-55 in Sh. Ahituv, ed. Historical Atlas of the Jewish People. New York, London: Continuum. 2003

38. "Sinuhe's World." Pp. 277-299 in Maeir, A. M. and de Miroschedji, P., eds. "I Will Speak the Riddles of Ancient Times." Archaeological and Historical Studies in Honor of Amihai Mazar on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday. Winonas Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns. 2006.

39. "Looking for Bethel: An Exercise in Historical Geography." Pp. 269-273 in Gitin, S., Wright, J. E. and Dessel, J. P., eds. Confronting the Past. Archaeological and Historical Essays on Ancient Israel in Honor of William G. Dever. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns. 2006.

40. "Briefe aus Palästina." Pp. 195-205 in Lichtenstein, M., ed. Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testaments. Neue Folge, Band 3, Briefe. Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus. 2006.

41. "Briefe über die politischen Entwicklungen im nördlichen Libanon zu Zeiten Amenophis' III und Amenhoteps' IV. PP. 205-229 in Lichtenstein, M., ed. Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testaments. Neue Folge, Band 3, Briefe. Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus. 2006.
42. "Ghost Forms in Masoretic Toponymy." Me?qarim baLashon, Sefer Yovel leAvi Hurwitz. (Language Researches, Festschrift for Avi Hurzitz,). Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2008, 287-296 (Hebrew).

Accepted for Publication

43. "Field E." Beer-sheba III. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University.

44. "Involvment of Tel Safit (Tell es-Sâfi) in the Amarna Correspondence."In Tel Zafit Archaeological Report. Bar Ilan University.

45. "New LIGHTing on the Amarna Tablets." Festschrift for Bruce Zuckerman.

46. "Notes on Two Archaeological Sites." Eretz Israel Ephraim Stern volume.

47. "The Hybrid Language Written by 'Canaanite' Scribes in the 14th Century BCE." Paper given at the 53e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Moscow—St. Petersburg, 23-28 July, 2007, to bepublished in a volume of studies from that conference.

48. "Ziklag, A Town In The Western Negeb Of Judah." To appear in the archaeological report on Tel Sera‘, Ben Gurion University of the Negeb.

F. Items in Encyclopedias

1. "Hurrians, People and Culture," cols. 36-39, Encyclopedia 'Ivrit, vol. 8, Jerusalem, 1965.

2. "Arad," pp. 50-53, "Beth-haccherem," p. 142, "Gath," pp. 249-250, "Ramat Rahel," pp. 473-477, "Tell Sheikh el-Areini," in C. F. Pfeiffer, ed., The Biblical World, A Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology, Grand Rapids, Baker Book House, 1966.

3. "Forced Labor, Corv?e," cols. 55-56, "Neiel," pp. 887-888, "Nophah," col. 896, "Scribe," cols. 1010-1017, in Encyclopaedia biblica (Hebrew), vol. 5, Jerusalem, 1968.

4. "Beyond the River," cols. 43-48, "Acco," cols. 224-228, in Encyclopaedia biblica (Hebrew), vol. 6, Jerusalem, 1971.

5. "Kasdim," cols. 1076-1077, in Encyclopedia ’Ivrit, vol. 20, Jerusalem, 1971 (Hebrew) = "Chaldea, Chaldeans," cols. 330-331, in Encyclopaedia Judaica, vol. 5, Jerusalem, 1971.

6. "Aharoni, Yohanan," vol. 1, cols. 451-452; "Chaldea, Chaldeans," vol. 5, cols. 330-331 (translation of F. 5. above), "Concubine," vol. 5, cols. 862-863; "Family-In the Bible," vol. 6, cols. 1164-1169; "Hurrians," vol. 8, cols. 1114-1116 (translation of F. 1. above); "Women," vol. 16, cols. 623-625, in Encyclopaedia Judaica, 1971.

7. "Sacrifice," vol. 14, cols. 599-607, in Encyclopaedia Judaica, 1971.

8. "Ugarit," vol. 15, cols. 1501-1506, "Ugaritic," vol. 15, cols. 1506-1508, in Encyclopaedia Judaica, 1971.

9. "Acco," I, 32-34, "Beer-sheba," I, 507-509, "Beth-shemesh," I, 545-548, "Eglon," II, 224, "Gezer," II, 706-709, "Kiriath-jearim," III, 825-827, "Megiddo," IV, 164-176, "Megiddo, Waters of," IV, 176, "Merom, Waters of," IV, 192-193, "Ramah, Rama," V, 29-33, "Sacrifice," V, 194-211, "Scribes," V, 298-302, in M. C. Tenney, ed., The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, Grand Rapids, 1975.

10. "Edrei," I, 493, "Gath, I, 656b-657a, "Gath-hepher," I, 657a-b, "Gath of the Philistines," I, 657b-658a, "Gath-rimmon," I, 658a-b, "Gaza," I, 658b, "Geba," I, 659a-b, "Gerar," I, 671b, "Gezer," I, 675a-b (with John Rea), "Gittaim," I, 686a, "Jehoshaphat, Valley of," I, 869b-891a, "Kirjath-jearim," II, 995b-996a, "Kishon," II, 996b, "Merom," II, 1105a, "Ramah," II, 1440a-1441b, "Sharon," II, 1564b, "Taanach," II, 1648a-b, "Timnah," II, 1712a-1713b, "Timnath-serah," II, 1713a, "Zoar," II, 1849b, in C. F. Pfeiffer, ed., Wycliff Bible Dictionary, Chicago, 1976.

11. "Anab," p. 25, "Aphekah," p. 27, "Beeroth," p. 93, "Dumah," p. 248, "Eglon (city). 1," p. 252, "Ekron," p. 255, "Gath," p. 353, "Libnah (city," p. 546, "Madmannah," p. 561, "Rabbah (of Judah)," p. 724, "Sela (of Edom)," p. 800, "Sites, Ancient, Identification of," pp. 825-827, "Tell el-Amarna," p. 869, "Ziklag," pp. 984-985, in K. Crim a.o., eds., The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, Supplementary Volume, Nashville, 1976.

12. "Qishon, Na?al Qishon," cols. 182-183, "Qishiyon," cols. 281-282, "Ramot, Remet, Yarmut," col. 298, "Ramat Negev, Ramot Negev," cols. 298-299, "Rabbah, HaRabbah," cols. 314-315, "Rabbit, HaRabbit," cols. 319-320, "Rumah," col. 337, "Ramah, HaRamah (Asher)," col. 374, "Ramah, HaRamah (Naphtali)," cols. 374-375, "Shishaq," cols. 655-661, in Encyclopaedia biblica (Hebrew), vol. 7, Jerusalem, 1976.

13. "Beer-sheba," pp. 448-451, pp. "Beth-shean," 475-478, in G. W. Bromiley, ed., The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Grand Rapids, Vol. I, 1979.

14. "Name, Place Names," cols. 11-29, "Shimron," cols. 140-142, "Shaaraim," col. 244, "Terhaqa," cols. 926-928, "Tattenai," cols. 962-964, in Encyclopaedia biblica (Hebrew), vol. 8, Jerusalem, 1982.

15. "Eglon," pp. 28-29, "Ekron, Ekronite," pp. 47-48, "Elah, Vale of," p. 49, "En-gedi," pp. 81-83, "Etam," pp. 159-160, "Gath," pp. 4l0-414, "Gaza," pp. 415-418, "Gerar," pp. 446-447, "Hazor," pp. 636-638, "Joppa," pp. 1118-1119, in G. W. Bromily, ed., The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Grand Rapids, Vol. II, 1982.

16. "The Place of Shechem," p. 93, "Bethel on the west and Ai on the east," p. 94, "Sodom...Gomorrah," p. 96, "Hebron," p. 98 "From the River of Egypt to the Great River, the River Euphrates," p. 112, "By the well on the Way of Shur," p. 114, "Between Kadesh and Bered," p. 117, "Gerar," p. 132, "Bozrah, "The land of the Teimanite," "the territory of Moab," "Rehobot on the River," "Timna," p. 206, "And Joseph's brothers went down," p. 229, "The Land of Goshen," p. 237, in M. Haran, chief editor, Encyclopedia of the World of the Bible, Genesis, Ramat-Gan, 1982 (Hebrew).

17. "Archaeology," pp. 47-57, in G. D. Young, ed., Young's Bible Dictionary, Wheaton, 1984.

18. "Hebrew," p. 378, "Hebrews," pp. 378-380, "Historical Geography of the Bible," pp. 394-399, "Khapiru," p. 525, in P. J. Achtemeier, ed., Harper's Bible Dictionary, San Francisco, 1985. Reprinted as pp. 408-409, 409-411, 425-430 and 565 respectively in P. J. Achtemeier, ed., HarperCollins Bible Dictionary, San Francisco, 1996.

19. "Megiddo," pp. 309-311, "Mizpah, Mizpeh," pp. 387-388, "Modein," p. 399b, "Negeb," pp. 511-513," in G. W. Bromily, ed., The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Grand Rapids, Vol. III, 1986.

20. "Rabbah," pp. 27-30, "Sansannah," p. 334, "Sharon," pp. 451-453, "Shema," p. 469, "Shephelah," pp. 473-474, "Shibah, pp. 475-476, "Sitnah," p. 535, "Socoh," pp. 559-560, "Sorek, Valley of," p. 585, "Taanach," pp. 695-697, "Tirzah," pp. 860-861, "Zanoah," pp. 1172-1173, "Ziklag," p. 1196, "Zion," pp. 1198-1200, in G. W. Bromily, ed., The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Grand Rapids, IV, 1988.

21. "Hermon, Mount," I, 963, "Issachar, Tribe of," I, 1075, Jezreel, Valley of, II, 1167, King's Highway," II 1287, "Kue, II, 1294-1295, Levitical Cities," II, 1327, Michmash, Micmas," II, 1455-1456, "Migdol," II, 1458, "Moon," II, 1486-1487, "Offerings and Sacrifices," II, 1577-1584, "Samaria," II, 1885-1886, Socoh," II, 1973, "Sun," II, 2003-2004, "Uz," II, 2118-2119, in W. A. Elwell, ed., Baker Encyclopedia of the Bible, Grand Rapids, 1988.

22. "Canaan, Canaanites," pp. 213-215 in Freedman, N. D., ed. in chief, The Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, Grand Rapids, Mich. and Cambridge, UK: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2000.

23. "Palestine, Geography and Climate," pp. 998-1004 in Freedman, N. D., ed. in chief, The Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, Grand Rapids, Mich. and Cambridge, UK: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2000.

Accepted for publication:
24. "Aharoni, Yohanan." Berlin, New York: Verlag Walter de Gruyter.

G. Papers Presented at Scholarly Conferences

1. "Some Prepositional Nuances in Ugaritic Administrative Texts, "The International Conference on Semitic Studies held in Jerusalem, 19-23 July, 1965. Published as E. 2.

2. "The Land Grant System at Ugarit in its Wider Near Eastern Setting," Fourth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem, 24-31 July, l965. Published as E. 1.

3. "Verbal Forms with Infixed -t- in the West Semitic El-Amarna Letters," Fifth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem, 4-12 August, 1969. Published as B. 29.

4. "Enclitic -ma and the Logical Predicate in Old Babylonian," Sixth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem, 13-19 August, 1973. Published as B. 54.

5. "Beer-sheba Excavations, 1976," American Academy of Religion, American Schools of Oriental Research, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, St. Louis, 28-31 October, 1976.

6. "The 1976 Tel Aviv University Excavations at Tel Beer-sheba," 78th General Meeting of the Archaeological Institute of America, New York, 28-30 December, 1976.

7. "Verbal Usages in the Taanach Tablets," One Hundred and Eighty-Seventh Meeting of the American Oriental Society, Ithaca, N.Y., 26-28 April, 1977. Published as B. 58.

8. "Tel Michal," American Academy of Religion, American Schools of Oriental Research, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, 28-31 December, 1977.

9. "The Military Staging Area by Megiddo," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, New Orleans, 18-21 November, 1978. Published as B. 66.

10. "An Area for Military Assembly at Taanach by the Waters of Megiddo," the Sixth Archaeological Conference in Israel, Tel-Aviv, 14-15 March, 1979.

11. "The Administrative Divisions of the Shephelah in Joshua 15," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, New York, 15-18 November, 1979. Published as B. 65.

12. "Historical Geography - The Link between Historical and Archaeological Interpretation," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Dallas, 6-9 November, 1980. Published as B. 70.

13. "The Way of the Sea in Isaiah 8:23," Eighth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem 16-21 August, 1981. Published as B. 68.

14. "Wine from the Royal Vineyards," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, 19-22 December, 1981. Published as B. 69.

15. "The Biblical Negeb, Geographical Terminology and Settlement History," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, New York, 19-22 December, 1982. Published as part of E. 13.

16. "The Danite Inheritance Reconsidered," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Dallas, 19-22 December, 1983.

17. "The Early West Semitic Prefix Conjugations," One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Meeting of the American Oriental Society in a Joint Session with the North American Conference on Afro-Asiatic Linguistics, Ann Arbor, 14-17 April, 1985. Published as E. 17.

18. "The West-Semitic Language as Reflected in the El-Amarna Tablets," Ninth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem, 4-12 August, 1985.

19. "The Preformative Verbal Conjugations of Biblical Hebrew in the Light of the West Semitic el-Amarna Letters," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, 23-26 November, 1985. Published as B. 75.

20. "Some Key Issues in 'Amarnah Studies," and "The Ancient Hebrew Prefix Conjugation in the Light of 'Amarnah Canaanite," Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Berrien Springs, Mich., 9-11 February, 1986.

21. "Cult and Administration," the Twelfth Archaeological Conference in Israel, Tel-Aviv, 18-19 February, 1986 (Hebrew).

22. "Some Key Issues in 'Amarnah Studies - A Century Later," Annual Meetings of the American Research Center in Egypt, Washington, D.C., 18-20 April, 1986.

23. "In Search of the Canaanite Verb: The Progress of Discovery in the West Semitized el-Amarnah Letters," An International Symposium to Commemorate the Centennial Anniversary of the Discovery of Tell El Amarna; the Joint Meeting of the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society, the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest in conjunction with the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago and the Archaeological Institute of America-Chicago, Chicago, 1-3 February, 1987.

24. "Historical Notes on Epigraphic Texts," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Boston, 5-8 December, 1987.

25. "Further Remarks on the Hebrew Verbal System," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Boston, 5-8 December, 1987. Published as B 80.

26. "In Search of Megiddo," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Chicago, 19-22 November, 1988.

27. "Tel Gerisa and the Danite Inheritance Reconsidered," Association of American Geographers, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, 19-22 March, 1989. Published in Hebrew as B 83.

28. "In?ma Clauses in the Amarna Letters from Canaan," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, 18-21 November, 1989. Published as B 84.

29. "The Imperative 'See' as an Introductory Particle, An Egyptian-West Semitic Calque," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, 18-21 November, 1989. Published as E 25.

30. "Tel Gerisa and the Danite Inheritance Reconsidered," Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Madison, Wis., 18-20 February, 1990. Published in Hebrew as B 83.

31. "Unruly Elements in Late Bronze Canaanite Society," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, New Orleans, 17-20 November, 1990. Published as E 24.

32. "Albright as Historical Geographer," Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Wheaton, Ill., 17-19 February, 1991.

33. "Shar??n/Sharuhen - The Problem of Identification," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Kansas City, 23-26 November, 1991. Published as B 86.

34. "Manasseh, King of Judah, in the Whirlpool of the Seventh Century B.C.E." Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Notre Dame, IN., 16-18 February, 1992. Same as No. 35.

35 "Manasseh, King of Judah, in the Whirlpool of the Seventh Century B.C.E." American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, 21-24 November, 1992. Published as E 22.

36. "Is there Really a yaqtula Conjugation Pattern in the Canaanite Amarna Tablets?" American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, 21-24 November, 1992. Published as B 85.

35. "The Moabite Invasion of Judah (2 Chr. 20:1-30)." American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., 20-24 November, 1993. Published as E 31.

36. "The Chronicler and his Sources-Historical and Geographical." American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Chicago, 19-22 November, 1994. Published as E 26.

37. "The Chronicles of the Kings of Judah-A Source used by the Chronicler." The 5th Annual Meeting of Judea and Samaria Research Studies, Ariel, 6 April, 1995 (Hebrew). Published as E 26.

38. "The Aramaic Inscription from Dan in the Context of 9th Century Political History," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, 18-21 November, 1995.

39. "Who is a Canaanite?" Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, La Grange, IL., 11-13 February, 1996. Same as No. 40.

40. "Who is a Canaanite?" American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, New Orleans, 23-26, November, 1996. Published as B 88.

41. "The 'Amarnah Tablets - A Late Bronze Age Phenomenon." Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Wheaton, IL., 16-18 February, 1997.

42. "References to Pastoralists in Second Millennium Egyptian Sources." American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Napa, CA, 18-22 November, 1997.

43. "LXX Toponymy as a Source for Linguistic Research," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, 22-25 November, 1997.

44. "Syntax, History and Common Sense." Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Milwaukee, WI. 15-17 February, 1998. Same as 48.

45. "Notes on Three Ancient Inscriptions," The 8th Annual Meeting, Judea & Samaria Research Studies, May 7, 1998 (in Hebrew).

46. "His Seed is Not," American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida 18-21 November, 1998.

47. "Amarna Tablets as Cultural Phenomenon," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, 21-24 November, 1998.

48. "Syntax, History and Common Sense," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, 21-24 November, 1998. Published as B 91.

49. "Sinuhe's World, the Story of a Vagabond Prince," Biblical Archaeology Society Fest, Orlando, Florida, 20 November, 1998.

50. "Aspects of Life in Ancient Israel." Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Cincinnati, OH, 14-16 February, 1999.

51. "In Search of Megiddo," Association of American Geographers Annual Meeting, Honolulu, HI, 23-27 March, 1999.

52. "Merenptah's Wall Reliefs," American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass. 18-20 November, 1999.

53. "The Eastern Mediterranean Coast as Described by Herodotus," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Boston, Mass., 20-23 November, 1999.

54. "ze'ivnae ditxbeixehqida l'xyi mr ly eziy'x" "The Beginning of the People of Israel in Historiography and in Reality," Symposium on Bible and History, Israel's Origins; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 14 December, 1999.

55. "Mesha and Syntax," Joint Meeting of the Midwest Region of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Middle West Branch of the American Oriental Society and the American Schools of Oriental Research-Midwest, Chicago, IL, 13-15 February, 2000.

56. "Amarna and Later - Aspects of Social History," The W. F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research and the American Schools of Oriental Research Centnnial Symposium at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem, 29-31 May, 2000.

57. "Commerce and Trade as Background to Amarna Politics - Bribery, Robbery and Other Nice Things," 45th Annual Archaeology Conference at Wheaton College, Wheaton, Ill., 10-11 November, 2000.

58. "Stones for Bread — Archaeology vs. History," American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee 18-21 November, 2000.

59. "Response," Public Program: Reconstructing Israelite History, American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee 15-18 November, 2000.

60. "The Amarna Letters and Canaan," American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee 15-18 November, 2000.

61. "The yaqtul Preterite in Northwest Semitic," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee 15-18 November, 2000.

62. "Historical and Social Implications of Some Amarna Collations," American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Boulder, Colorado, 14-17 November, 2001.

63. "The Oracle House at Khirbet Mudeiniyeh," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, 17-20 November, 2001.

64. "Who Killed Joram and Ahaziah?" American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Toronto, Ontario, 20-23 November, 2002.

65. "The Suffix Conjugation Pattern in Ancient Hebrew — Tense and modal Functions," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Toronto, Ontario, 23-26 November, 2002.

66. " Southwestern Judah in the Eighth Century BCE." American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, 19-22 November, 2003.

67 "A Mile Stone from the Via Maris," or "Via Maris — A Ghost Road leading Nowhere," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, 22-25 November, 2003.

68. "The Search for Bethel," American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, 17-20 November, 2004.

69 "Harosheth Haggoyim: Farmland of the Foreigners," American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, 20-23 November, 2004.

70. "The Rise and Fall of the Kingdom of Damascus." The Bible, History and Archaeology, the 7th Annual Clifton Batchelder conference for Biblical Archaeology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 10-12 November, 2005.

71. "Whence came the Israelites and their Language?" The Bible, History and Archaeology, the 7th Annual Clifton Batchelder conference for Biblical Archaeology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 10-12 November, 2005.

72. "Whence came the Israelites and their Language?" American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, 19-22 November, 2005.

73. "Ghost Forms in Massoretic Toponymy." American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Washington, D. C., 15-18 November, 2006.

74. Ancient Inscriptions: Recent Discoveries, New Editions and New Readings, "Response." American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Washington, D. C., 15-18 November, 2006.

75. "Mesha in Ninth Century Geopolitics: Syntax, Geography and History." American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Washington, D. C., 18-21 November, 2006.

76. "New Lighting on the Amarna Tablets." American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Washington, D. C., 18-21 November, 2006.

77. "The Hybrid Language Written by 'Canaanite' Scribes in the 14th Century BCE." 53e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Moscow—St. Petersburg, 23-28 July, 2007.

78. "Redefining Ancient Hebrew." American Academy of Religion, Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, San Diego, November 17-22, 2007.

79. "New Lighting on the Amarna Tablets." 54 Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale. Würtzburg, 21-25 July, 2008.

80. "Involvment of Tel Safit (Tell es-Sâfi) in the Amarna Correspondence." American Schools of Oriental Research Annual Meeting, Boston, November 19-22, 2008.

81. "The Ancient Northwest Semitic Literary Repertoire," Society of Biblical Literature, Annual Meeting, Boston, November 22-25, 2008.

I. Editing and Translating

1. Y. Aharoni, The Land of the Bible, a Historical Geography. Translated from the Hebrew by A. F. Rainey. London: Burns & Oates; Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1967.

2. M. Avi-Yonah, The Holy Land from the Persian to the Arab Conquests (536 B.C. to A.D. 640), a Historical Geography. Revised edition; Text revisions and Toponymic Index by A. F. Rainey. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1977.

3. Y. Aharoni, The Land of the Bible, a Historical Geography. Revised and enlarged edition. Translated from the Hebrew and Edited by A. F. Rainey. London: Burns & Oates; Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1979.

4. Y. Aharoni, Archaeology of the Land of Israel. Translated by A. F. Rainey. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1982.

5. Y. Aharoni, Arad Inscriptions. In cooperation with J. Naveh. With contributions by A. F. Rainey, M. Aharoni, B. Lifshitz, M. Sharon and Z. Gopher. Translated from the Hebrew by J. Ben-Or. Edited and Revised by A. F. Rainey. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1981.

6. A. F. Rainey, ed. Israel, Sinai and Egypt. Symposium held at Tel Aviv University, April, 1982. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology and Dayan Center for Middle East Research. 1987.

7. A. F. Rainey, ed., kinatt?tu ?a d?r?ti, Raphael Kutscher Memorial Volume. Tel Aviv, Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, Occasional Publications, No. 1. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, 1993.

8. D. Sivan, Grammar of Ugaritic. [Translated by A. F. Rainey]. Handbuch der Orientalistik. Leiden: E. J. Brill. 1997.

9. M. Avi-Yonah, The Holy Land from the Persian to the Arab Conquests (536 B.C. to A.D. 640), a Historical Geography. Revised edition; Text revisions and Toponymic Index by A. F. Rainey; Introduction to the 2002 Edition by Tsafrir, Y. Jerusalem: Carta. 2002.

10. Sh. Ahituv, Echoes of the Past, Hebrew and Cognate Inscriptions from the Biblical Period. A. F. Rainey, Translator and Academic Editor. Jerusalem: Carta, 2008.

J. Reviews

1. "Putting the Holy Land on the Map," Review of M. Avi-Yonah, The Holy Land, from the Persian to the Arab Conquests (536 B.C. to A.D. 640), A Historical Geography, Grand Rapids, 1966, in Christian News from Israel 18, Nos. 3-4 (Dec. 1967), 57-62.

2. Review of W. Herrmann, Yari? und Nikkal und der Preis der Ku_ar?t G?tinnen, Ein kultisch-magischer Text aus Ras Schamra, Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 106, Berlin, 1968, in Journal of the American Oriental Society90 (1970), 535-536.

3. Review of J. W. Wevers and D. B. Redford, eds., Studies on the Ancient Palestinian World Presented to Professor F. V. Winnett, Toronto, 1972, in Israel Exploration Journal 25 (1975), 184-187.

4. Review of D. Baly, The Geography of the Bible, 2nd ed., New York, 1974, in Journal of Biblical Literature 64 (1976), 634-635.

5. Review of J. van Seters, Abraham in History and Tradition, New Haven and London, 1975, in Israel Exploration Journal 28 (1978), 131-132.

6. Review of J. Milgrom, Cult and Conscience: The Asham and the Priestly Doctrine of Repentence, Leiden, 1976, in Interpretation, April, 1979, 210, 212.

7. Review of J. J. Bimson, Redating the Exodus and Conquest, Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series, 5, 1978, in Israel Exploration Journal 30 (1980), 249-251.

8. Review of H. P. Adler, Das Akkadische des Königs Tu?ratta von Mitanni, Alter Orient und Altes Testament, 201 in Bibliotheca Orientalis 37, No. 3-4 (May-July, 1980), 194-197.

9. Review of Z. Zevit, Matres Lectionis in Ancient Hebrew Epigraphs, American Schools of Oriental Research Monograph Series, 2, Cambridge, MA, 1980, in Journal of Biblical Literature 102 (1983), 629-634.

10. Review of G. W. Bowersock, Roman Arabia, Cambridge, MA, 1983, in Biblical Archaeology Review 11 (1985), 15-17.

11. Review of J.-G. Heintz, Index Documentaire d'El-Amarna, I.D.E.A., 1, Wiesbaden, 1982, in Bibliotheca Orientalis 43 No. 3/4 (May-July, 1986), 448-489.

12. "Egyptian Military Inscriptions and Some Historical Implications," Review of A. J. Spalinger, Aspects of the Military Documents of the Ancient Egyptians, Yale Near Eastern Researches, 9, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1982, in Journal of the American Oriental Society107 (1987), 89-92.

13. Review of Sh. Ahituv, Canaanite Toponyms in Ancient Egyptian Documents, Jerusalem, 1984, in Journal of the American Oriental Society 107 (1987), 534-538.

14. Review of O. Loretz, Habiru-Hebr?er, Eine sozio-linguistiche Studie über die Herkunft des Gentiliziums 'ibr? zum Appellativum ?abiru, Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, 160, Berlin, 1984, in Journal of the American Oriental Society107 (1987), 539-541.

15. Review of N. K. Gottwald, The Tribes of Yahweh, Maryknoll, N.Y., 1979, in Journal of the American Oriental Society 107 (1987), 541-543.

16. "A New Grammar of Ugaritic," Review of S. Segert, A Basic Grammar of the Ugaritic Language, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 1984 [1985], in Orientalia n.s. 56 (1987), 391-402.

17. Review of B. J. Beitzel, The Moody Atlas of Bible Lands, Chicago, 1985, in Trinity Journal 8 NS (1987), 101-108.

18. Review of N. Na’aman, Borders and Districts in Biblical Historiography; Seven Studies in Biblical Geographical Lists, Jerusalem Biblical Studies, 4, Jerusalem: Simor Ltd., 1986, in Abr Nahrain 27 (1989), 175-183.

19. "Biblical Archaeology Yesterday (and Today)," Review of Biblical Archaeology Today, Proceedings of the International Congress on Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, April, 1984, Jerusalem, 1985, in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research273 (Feb., 1989), 87-96.

20. Review of W. L. Moran, Les lettres d'el Amarna, Correspondence diplomatique du pharaon, avec la collaboration de V. Haas et G. Wilhelm traduction française de D. Colon et H. Cazelles, Paris, 1987, in Biblica 70 (1989), 566-572.

21. "A new Translation of the Amarna Letters - after 100 Years," review of W. L. Moran, Les lettres d'el?Amarna, Correspondence diplomatique du pharaon, avec la collaboration de V. Haas et G. Wilhelmm traduction française de D. Colon et H. Cazelles, Paris, 1987, in Archiv für Orientforschung 36/37 (1989-90), 56-75 (appeared 1992).

22. Review of J. Hoftijzer, The Function and Use of the Imperfect Forms with Nun Paragogicum in Classical Hebrew, Studia Semitica Neerlandica 21, Assen 1985, in Hebrew Studies 31 (1990), 173-176.

23. Review of Wachsmann, S., Aegeans in the Theban Tombs, Leuven, 1987, in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 285 (1992), 86-87.

24. "Topic and Comment in Byblos Akkadian, A Review Article: Gianto, A., Word Order Variations in the Akkadian of Byblos," Rome, 1990, in Bibliotheca Orientalis 1992/3-4, 13-38 (?).

25. Review of Mazar, E., and Mazar, B., Excavations in the South of the Temple Mount: The Ophel of Biblical Jerusalem, Qedem, 29, Jerusalem 1989, in The Jewish Quarterly Review 83 (1993), 112-114.

26. "Remarks on Donald Redford's Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times." Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. No. 295 (1994), 81-85.

27. Review of Becking, B., The Fall of Samaria, A Historical and Archaeological Study, New York and Köln, 1992, in Journal of Semitic Studies 39 (1994), 324-325.

28. "Uncritical Criticism," review of Davies, P. R., In Search of 'Ancient Israel,' Journal of the Old Testament Supplement Series 148, Sheffield, 1992, in Journal of the American Oriental Society 115 (1995), 101-104.

29. Review of Thompson, T. L., Early History of the Israelite People from the Written and the Archaeological Sources, in American Jewish Studies Review 20 (1995), 156-160.

30. Review of Dietrich, M. and Loretz, O., Mantik in Ugarit, Keilalphafetische Texte der Opferschau-Omensammlungen-Necromantie, mit Beiträgen von Duerbeck, H. W., Meyer, J. W and Seitter, W. C. in Ugarit-Forschungen 27 (1995), 704-706.

31. Review of Rin, S. and Rin, Sh., Acts of the Gods, The Ugaritic Epic Poetry, a revised expanded edition (Hebrew), in Ugarit-Forschungen 27 (1995), 725-726.

32. "A New English Translation of the Amarna Letters," review of W. L. Moran, The Amarna Letters, Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, Archiv für Orientforschung 42-43 (1995-1996), 109-121).

33. Review of Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, Jack M. Sasson, editor in chief; John Baines, Gary Beckman and Karen S. Rubinson, associate editors. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, Macmillan Library Reference USA, Simon & Schuster Macmillan, Biblical Archaeology Review 22 (Nov./Dec. 1996), 70-71, 76.

34. Review of Soggin, J. A., An Introduction to the History of Israel and Judah, Second, completely revised and updated edition, in Journal of the American Oriental Society 116, 3 (July-September 1996), 546-548.

35. Review of Tabula imperii romani, Iudaea-Palaestina; Eretz Israel in the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine Periods. By Y. Tsafrir, L. Di Segni and J. Green with contributions by I. Roll and Ts. Tsuk, Publications of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Section of Humanities. Jerusalem: The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1994, in Journal of the American Oriental Society 118.1 (1998), 71-73.

36. "Egyptian Evidence for Semitic Linguistics." Review of Hoch, James, Semtic Words in Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period in Israel Oriental Studies 18 (1998), 431-453.

37. "Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Deities and Demons." Review of van der Toorn, K., Becking, B., and van der Horst, P. W., eds. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible in Israel Oriental Studies 18 (1998), 455-459.

38. Review of Beckman, G., Hittite Diplomatic Texts, edited by Harry A. Hoffner, Jr. Vol. 7 of SBL Writings from the Ancient World Series, Simon B. Parker, General Editor, in Biblical Archaeology Review 24/6 (November/December 1998), 54, 58.

39. Review of Frederick J. Giles, The Amarna Age: Western Asia, with a Chapter by J. Basil Hennessey and some translations by A. B. Knapp, The Australian Centre for Egyptology: Studies 5. Warminster: Aris and Phillips, Ltd., 1997, in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 316 (November 1999), pp. 112-114.

40. Review of Edel, E., Der Vertrag zwischen Ramses II. von ?gypten und ?attu?ili III. von ?atti, Wissenschaftlishe Veröffentlichung der Deutschen Orient-Geselschaft, 95. Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag. 1997 in Bibliotheca Orientalis 56 (1999), 698-699.

41. Brown, Roy B. Accordance Bible Atlas. Altamonte Springs, Fla: Oak Tree Software, Inc. 1998. CD Rom. Macintosh edition. Israel Exploration Society 50 (2000), 266-268.

42. Review of de Moor, J. C., The Rise of Yahwism; the Roots of Israelite Monotheism, Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicum Lovan-iensium, XCI. Leuven: University Press, 1997, in Journal of Near Eastern Studies 60 (2001), 147-150.

43. Review of N. P. Lemche, The Israelites in History and Tradition, London: SPCK; Louisville, KN: Westminster John Knox Press, in Jewish Quarterly Review 92 (2001), 250-254.

44. "Grammar and Syntax in Epigraphic Hebrew," a Review Article of Gogel, Sandra Landis, A Grammar of Epigraphic Hebrew, Society of Biblical Literature, Resources for Biblical Study, No. 23, Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press, 1998. Pp. i-xx, 1-522 in Jewish Quarterly Review 91 (2001), 419-427.

45. Review of Hasel, Michael G., Domination and Resistance; Egyptian Military Activity in the Southern Levant Ca. 1300-1185 B.C., Probleme Der Ägyptologie, Herausgegeben von Wolfgang Schenkel und Donald B. Redford. Elfter Band; Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, 1998 in Journal of the American Oriental Society 121 (2001), 489-490.

46. Review of Michiki, Yoshiyuki, Egyptian Proper Names and Loanwords in North-West Semitic, Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series, No. 173; Atlanta, Ga: Society of Biblical Literature, 1999 in Journal of the American Oriental Society 121 (2001), 490-491.

47. Review of C. H. Gordon, A Scholar's Odyssey, Society of Biblical Literature Biblical Scholarship in America, No. 20, in Journal of the American Oriental Society 121 (2001), 695-696.

48. "Near Eastern Archaeology at the Turn of the Century," a Review Article of Meyers, Eric M., editor in chief. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. Prepared under the Auspices of the American Schools of Oriental Research. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press. 5 vols. 1997, in Religious Studies Review. 28/1 2002, 41-46.

49. Review of Nili Sacher Fox. In the Service of the King, Officialdom in Ancient Israel and Judah, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College Press. 2000. 367 pp., Journal of the American Oriental Society 122 (2002), 124-125.

50. Review of R. Cohen and R. Westbrook, eds., Amarna Diplomacy, The Beginnings of International Relations, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 327 (2002), 87-88.

51. "Down-to-Earth Biblical History," a Review of William G. Dever. What Did The Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? Grand Rapids, Michigan And Cambridge, U.K.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2001. I-XIV, 313 pp., in Journal of the American Oriental Society 122.3 (2002), 542-547.

52. Review of Chavalas, M. and Younger, K. L., eds. Mesopotamia and the Bible, Comparative Explorations. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic. 395 pp. Ancient Near Eastern Studies 39 (2002), 214-219.

53. Review of Koenen, K., Bethel, Geschichte, Kult und Theologie, Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis, 192, Freiburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Journal of the American Oriental Society 124.4 (2004), 785-787.

54. Review of Marquez Rowe, Ignacio. The Royal Deeds of Ugarit. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, Band 335. Münster: Ugarit Verlag, 2006. In Israel Exploration Journal 56 (2006).

55. Review of Elitzur, Y., Ancient Place Names in the Holy Land, Preservation and History, Jerusalem: Magnes Press and Winona Lake, IN,: Eisenbrauns. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 346 (May, 2007), 95-96.

56. Review of Ga–, E., Die Ortsnamen Des Richterbuchs in historischer und redaktioneller Perspecktive, Abhandlungen Des Deutschen Palästina Vereins. Band 35. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. 2005. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 127.2 (2007), 221-223.

Accepted for publication:

57. Review of Gordon H. Hamilton. The Origins of the West Semitic Alphabet in Egyptian Scripts. The Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series 40. Washington, D. C.: The Catholic Biblical Association of America. 2006 i-xvi; 433 pp. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research.

L. Other Publications

a. Obituaries

1. "In Memoriam, Yohanan Aharoni," Biblical Archaeologist 39 (1976), 53.

2. "Yohanan Aharoni, the Man and his Work," Biblical Archaeology Review 2 (1976), 39-40, 48.

3. "Shmuel Moshkovits (1926-1983), In Memoriam," Tel Aviv 10 (1983), 1-2.

4. "In Memoriam, Raphael Giveon," Bulletin of the Israeli Academic Center in Cairo 6 (Fall, 1986), [12].

b. Popular Articles

1. "Ramat Rahel: Jehoiakim's Palace?" Eternity 14, No. 2 (Feb., 1963), 37-38.

2. "Archaeological News from Israel," Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation 15 (June, 1963), 6l-62.

3. "King Solomon's Mines," Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation 16 (Dec., l964), 18-19.

4. "Archaeological News from Israel," Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation 16 (Dec., 1964), 118-120.

5. "Trip to Tel Sheva," Hayahad Digest 6, No. 13 (October-December, 1974), 4-5, 8.

6. "Archaeology's Stones aren't always Bread," Eternity 26 (No. 3 (March, 1975), 46-47; "Putting the Bible on the Map," ibid., No. 4 (April, 1975), 47-48; "Biblical Debir: How the Experts Missed It," ibid., No. 5 (May, 1975), 49-50; "Wrong Conclusions from Cracked Pots," ibid., No. 6 (June, 1975), 42; "Archaeology Myth - The Patriarchs," ibid., No. 7 (July, 1975), 42, 44; "Lachish 'Pros' Misread the Evidence," ibid., No. 8 (August, 1975), 36, 45; "Megiddo Stables and Horse Sense," ibid., No. 8 (September, 1975), 50-52; "The Third Wall of Jerusalem," ibid., No. 10 (October, 1975), 60-62; "Publish it not as Gath," ibid., No. 11 (November, 1975), 58, 60; "In Archaeology Think Square," ibid., No. 12 (December, 1975), 56-57, 63. Partially reprinted: "Biblical Archaeology, Mistaking Stones for Bread," Ministry, November, 1978, 27; "Putting the Bible on the Map," ibid., January, 1979, 28-29; "Biblical Debir: How the Experts Missed it," ibid., March, 1979, 27.

7. "Stable or Storehouse? An Archaeological Puzzle," The Western Horseman, July, 1975, 100-101.

8. "No Bama at Beer-Sheva," Biblical Archaeology Review 3, No. 3 (Sept., 1977), 18-21, 56.

9. "The Wanderings of Abraham and Isaac in Canaan," pp. 32-33, "The Military Campaigns of Amenophis II in the Levant," p. 42, "The Amarna Tablets," pp. 46-47, "Peace and Prosperity under Jeroboam II," pp. 112-113, "Judah under Hezekiah and Manasseh," p. 124, and with Z. Herzog, "Historical Geography and Archaeology," pp. 188-191, in J. B. Pritchard, ed., The Times Atlas of the Bible, London: Times Books Ltd., 1987.

c. Short Notes

1. "Rainey on Ebla," Biblical Archaeology Review 3, No. 1 (March, 1977), 38.

2. "Rainey Responds to Yadin," Biblical Archaeology Review 4, No. 2 (June, 1978), 46-47.

3. "How was the Tetragrammaton Pronounced?" Biblical Archaeology Review 11, No. 4 (July/August, 1985), 78-79.

4. "Broad Lateral Exposure is a Must in Archaeology," Biblical Archaeology Review 11, No. 5 (September/October, 1985), 22.

5. "On 'The Israelite Fortress at Arad,'" Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 258 (Spring/May, 1985), 73-74.

6. "Zertal's Altar-A Blatant Phony," Biblical Archaeology Review 12, No. 4 (July/August, 1986), 66.

7. "Anson Rainey on the Eitan Interview," Biblical Archaeology Review 13 (January/February, 1987), 17, 63.

8. "How was the Arad Fortress from Solomon's Time Supplied with Water? Anson Rainey replies," Biblical Archaeology Review 13 (September /October, 1987), 70-71.

9. "Identifying the 'Way of the Sea,'" Bible Review 5 (April, 1989), 13-14.

10. "A Rejoinder to the Eliakim Na'ar Yokan Seal Impressions," Biblical Archaeology 54 (March, 1991), 61.

11. "The Skiff and the Boat in John 6:22-24." in Wachsmann, S., The Excavations of an Ancient Boat in the Sea of Galilee (Lake Kinneret). 'Atiqot, English series, Vol. XIX. Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority, 1990, 126.

12. "A Rejoinder to the Eliakim Na'ar Yokan Seal Impressions," Biblical Archaeologist 54, No. 1 (March, 1991), p. 61.

13. "Rainey's Challenge," Biblical Archaeology Review 17 (Nov./Dec., 1991), 56-60.

14. "The 'Apiru Problem," Biblical Archaeology Review 17 (Nov./Dec., 1991), 59.

15. "Anson F. Rainey Replies," Biblical Archaeology Review 18 (March/April, 1992), 73-74.

16. "Holladay's Arguments on Stables Specious and Unconvincing," Biblical Archaeology Review 18 (May/June, 1992), 68, 70.

17. "Israel in Egypt, Geographical Points," Pirkei Herut, Nisan 5, 5793 (April 1993), 28-30 (Hebrew).

18. "The 'House of David' and the House of the Deconstructionists," Biblical Archaeology Review 20 (November/December, 1994), 47.

19. "The Cult of the Dodos." Biblical Archaeology Review 21 (September/October, 1995), 20, 22.

20. "A Ruin by Any Other Name." Biblical Archaeology Review 22 (May/June 1996), 17-18.

21. "Will Lemche be suing?" Biblical Archaeology Review 23 (November /December 1997), 12, 14.

22. "Pronunciation Guide," Biblical Archaeology Review 24, No. 1 (January /February 1998), 13.

23. "He wouldn't want his son to marry one," Biblical Archaeology Review 24, No. 3 (May/June 1998), 68.

24. "Geography Lesson," Biblical Archaeology Review 24, No. 5 (September /October 1998), 16.

25. "What's in a Name?" Biblical Archaeology Review 25, No. 5 (September/ October, 1999), p. 10.

26. "Dayan doesn't belong," Biblical Archaeology Review 27 (July/August, 2001), p. 10.

26. "A Lesson in Geography and Linguistics," Biblical Archaeology Review 28 (March/April, 2002), p. 12.

27. "Zertal's Woeful Linguistics," Biblical Archaeology Review 28 (September/October, 2002), pp. 8, 10, 12.

28. "The 'Consensus Theory' is Dead." Biblical Archaeology Society Webb Site. http://www.bibarch.org/bswb_BAR/Rainey/bswbRaineyMainPage.asp, 2007.

29. "Early Israelites came from Transjordan." Biblical Archaeology Review 33, No. 3 (May/June, 2007), p. 78.

30. "It's East Semitic, Stupid!" Biblical Archaeology Review 34, No. 1 (January/February, 2008), pp. 10, 86.

31. "Detailed Commentary on all the Amarna Letters." American Schools of Oriental Research Newsletter 57, no. 4 (Winter 2007/2008), 17.

Accepted for Publication

32. "Yafo in the Late Bronze Age." Section in a new catalogue from Muzeon Haaretz (Hebew).

33. "An Appreciation of the Madeba Plains Project." To appear in a memorial publication of the Madeba Plains Project.